The Pubian Chou Residence was built by Chou Mao-chuan, a descendant of Qing Dynasty vice-admiral Chou Chuan-pin.Chou Chuan-pin (courtesy name Pang-hsien) was born in Pubian, Jinsha. After Koxinga captured Haicheng in 1644, Chou visited Koxinga and was for advice on future strategy. After studying the situation, he advised Koxinga to capture Zhangzhou and Quanzhou then launch a land and sea assault on Bamin. Koxinga was very pleased with his analysis and gave him a military command.In 1662, Kinmen and Xiamen were captured by Qing troops with most of their navies surrendering to the Qing imperial government. Among them was Chou Chuan-pin who surrendered with his troops from Haiwei. When Shih Lang led the imperial expedition to capture Taiwan, Admiral Li made Chou his deputy but their troops was forced to turn back after running into a storm.Chou Mao-chuan began building his estate during the reign of Emperor Jiaqing. The Chou family including Chou Mao-chuan himself and his grandson Tsung-lung were great philanthropists when it came to local development so both enjoyed widespread respect.The Pubian Chou Residence is a classic Southern Fujian style "Three Courtyard Grand Abode" with an annex on the right side. The impressive complex was built with high quality materials while the main buildings featured exquisite carvings and artistic paintings. The first and second halls also featured carved beams. This would have been the work of very skilled carvers because the flowers and birds look so lifelike.The family servants' quarters and the stone-paved courtyard in front of the residence were fenced with stone slabs. This served as a fence but maintained the connection between the inside and outside. The front door was also equipped with security measures to guard against intruders. These all features are rarely found in other private homes on Kinmen.