The predecessor of National Hsinchu University of Education was Hsinchu Teachers School, which was founded by the Taiwan Viceroy Government in April 1940 during the Japanese era. In July 1987, the school was upgraded to a college so as to cultivate superior primary school teachers. In July 1991, all teachers colleges in Taiwan were put under the jurisdiction of the central government in order to integrate teacher-training resources. At that time, the school's name was changed to National Hsinchu Teachers College. In August 2005, it was further upgraded to become the National Hsinchu University of Education.